How to Choose Running Shoes

Three important factors to consider when making your choice are the size, shape and mechanics of your feet.

Foot size
You probably already know your shoe size. If you're not exactly sure or if one foot is larger than the other, it's best to have your feet measured with a Brannock device. (That's the flat metal thing with sliders that measure the length and width plus the toe-to-ball length of the foot.)

Foot shape
Next you need to know the shape of your foot. Do you have high arches? Are you flat-footed? Do you have a "normal" shape foot? (If so, you are in the minority!) Here's a simple way to find out. As you get out of the tub or shower, or step out of a pool, take a look at the footprint you leave on the bathmat or cement. The width of your footprint will suggest the shape of your arch and the way your foot moves as you run. Generally speaking, the wider and straighter the footprint, the lower your arch is. A very narrow, curved footprint (or one in which the ball and heel are not even connected) suggests a high arch. Somewhere in between these two is that so-called "normal" foot.

feet

Running mechanics
Foot shape is closely related to its movement as you walk or run. Typically, as your foot strikes the ground heel first, it rolls slightly inward, flattening the arch to cushion the force. This inward movement is called pronation. Next, your foot rolls slightly to the outside, stiffening up and creating a springboard that propels the next step. The outward motion is known as supination.

Many people experience different levels of these sideways motions as they run. Many over-pronate, meaning that their feet are overly flexible and roll too far to the inside. This is commonly, although not always, true of people with low arches. These folks need extra support and motion control.

Some runners supinate (more commonly referred to in the footwear world as under-pronating.)This means they run on the outside edges of their feet, which in turn don't absorb much shock as they land. This is frequently the result of inflexible feet and high arches. The preferred shoe for this type of runner offers plenty of cushioning and flexibility. But how do you determine what sideways motion your foot makes? The answer is probably in your closet.

If you own a pair of "experienced" running shoes, check the wear pattern on the soles to see whether you over- or under-pronate or if your foot motion is normal. If the wear is centralized to the ball of the foot and a small portion of the heel, you have a normal amount of foot movement. Over-pronation is identified by wear patterns along the inside edges, while under-pronation is marked by wear along the outer edges.